Ukraine's Vector to the Global South
Since the beginning of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the latter has begun to actively develop relations with the countries of the Global South. First of all, contacts take place in the context of the implementation of the Peace Formula of President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy. This formula has a global context, so it is important to involve as many countries as possible, especially "non-Western" ones, in the process of discussion and implementation.
Thus, at the meetings of national security advisers in Copenhagen and Jeddah, the Ukrainian delegation held important bilateral meetings with the delegations of these countries. But of course, the development of relations with the countries of the Global South should not and will not be limited to the implementation of the peace formula.
Ukraine has a much broader strategy, which is based on the realization of the geopolitical importance of these countries in the near future. In addition, the victory of Javier Milei in the Argentine presidential election, who condemns Russian aggression, may create an additional entry point for Ukraine into the circle of these countries.
Why the Global South Is Important
The Global South is a term traditionally used to refer to developing countries, mostly located in the southern hemisphere. It is not only a region with enormous potential, but also an important player in global processes that plays a key role in shaping the future world order. Understanding its strategic goals and relations is important for any country or organization seeking to operate effectively internationally.
The countries of this region demonstrate rapid economic growth and possess significant natural resources that are vital to the global economy. On the one hand, this creates the conditions for intensifying trade and investment. On the other hand, it requires the development of comprehensive strategies for interaction based on mutually beneficial cooperation.
Ukraine, which seeks to diversify its international relations and reduce its dependence on traditional markets, cannot but pay attention to the emerging markets of the Global South. The areas of agriculture, energy, and innovative technologies are particularly important.
The social challenges faced by countries in this region, such as poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare, open up opportunities for developing cooperation in humanitarian and educational projects. Ukraine can offer its experience in education, medicine, and promote cultural exchange.
The Global South is actively involved in international organizations such as the UN, influencing global politics. And the formation of regional blocs, such as the African Union and ASEAN, strengthens the region's role in the international arena. Russian dictator Vladimir Putin often refers to the Global South as those who support him and have an anti-Western orientation. Therefore, the development of Ukraine's bilateral relations with these countries is also a diplomatic struggle against Russia and the promotion of its narratives in the world, including the war against Ukraine. In turn, all this is converted into appropriate support for certain decisions, including in the UN. Ukraine can use these relations to strengthen its voice in international organizations, contributing to a more balanced and fair global politics.
Ukraine, which is at war with Russia, needs to expand its international relations to reduce its dependence on traditional partners and seek new opportunities for cooperation. Countries in the Global South can offer new markets, investments, and political, diplomatic, and humanitarian support. Ukrainian companies can find new opportunities for exports and investments, which will contribute to economic recovery after the war. In addition, Ukraine needs to maintain its international image as a sovereign nation that actively defends its interests. Cooperation with the countries of the Global South can help Ukraine to act as a strong and independent player on the international stage.
How to Build Relations?
Ukraine's strategy for developing relations with the Global South should be flexible and adaptive, taking into account the diversity of the sector and the rapidly changing international landscape. It is also important to ensure that these relations are mutually beneficial and based on common interests and values.
Currently, the main focus of the Ukrainian authorities in developing relations with the Global South is on joint work on international challenges, primarily on supporting peacekeeping initiatives. Ukraine presents Volodymyr Zelenskyy's Peace Formula as a model for resolving regional conflicts. To this end, bilateral and multilateral meetings are organized at various levels. The Ukrainian government is also actively promoting cooperation in addressing global challenges such as climate change, pandemics, and poverty reduction. An important task is to intensify diplomatic presence, primarily by opening new embassies and consulates in the countries of the Global South, sending special ambassadors and diplomatic missions. Participation of Ukrainian representatives in regional forums and summits is also important.
In addition to these efforts, it is important to remember that values are values, but it is pragmatic cooperation, especially in the economic sphere, that can truly ensure unity of interest and create the necessary incentives for support. Therefore, the focus of the Ukrainian government should be on signing trade agreements, stimulating investment, and promoting joint business projects. We should initiate projects in areas that are key for the countries of the Global South (agriculture, energy, education). For example, in the field of education, we should introduce scholarships for students from southern countries to study in Ukraine, as well as actively promote academic exchange. Also, the importance of cultural programs, such as organizing cultural events, exhibitions, and festivals to promote Ukrainian culture and history, should not be underestimated. Establishing strong cultural and educational ties can contribute to a better understanding and mutual respect between Ukraine and the countries of the Global South, which is key to long-term diplomacy.
All of this should be accompanied by proper strategic communication: promoting a positive image of Ukraine, communicating the goals and benefits of cooperation, and effectively using digital media and social networks to promote Ukrainian interests and values. Many countries in the Global South have experience in dealing with external threats or colonial pasts. This can create a common ground for understanding and cooperation with Ukraine, which is fighting for its independence and sovereignty.
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Thus, the development of relations between Ukraine and the countries of the Global South can be a key element not only for countering Russian aggression, but also for ensuring Ukraine's sustainable development in the future. It should be borne in mind that the Russian Federation will not sit idly by, it will actively sabotage the efforts of other parties and, for its part, try to expand its presence.
Russia has a resource advantage, but Ukraine can use the West's interest in developing relations with the Global South. Ukraine can also use international forums supported by the West to draw attention to relations with this region. In general, Ukraine's strategic goals in relations with the countries of the Global South can be summarized in 5 main priority points:
- security and peacekeeping - cooperation in the field of peace and security, including discussions on issues related to military conflicts, migration and climate change;
- economic diversification - intensification of trade and investment, in particular in the agricultural sector, energy, and high technology;
- political dialogue - development of bilateral relations, participation in international organizations and forums;
- cultural and educational exchange - development of cultural relations and academic exchange;
- development support - participation in international development programs, provision of technical and advisory assistance.
It is within this strategic framework that we should move forward.